Noocyada ISP-yada iyo Faahfaahintooda

Waxaa faa’iido weyn ah, inaad fahanto ISP-yada (Internet Service Providers) si qoto dheer, sababtoo ah waxay laf-dhabar u yihiin sida adduunka maanta isugu xirmo.

🛰️ ISP (Internet Service Provider) Maxay Yihiin?

ISP waa shirkado ganacsi oo bixiya adeeg internet ah. Si loo bixiyo adeeggan, ISP-yadu waxay isticmaalaan infrastructure adag

infrastructure

waxaa loola jeedaa dhamaan agabka, nidaamyada, iyo adeegyada aasaasiga ah ee taageera habsami u shaqeynta tiknoolojiyada

- Oo ka kooban:

• Backbone Networks: Kuwani waa shabakado waaweyn oo isku xira dalalka iyo qaaradaha. Waxay u shaqeeyaan sidii “jidad waaweyn” oo xogta ku safarta, si ay caalamka uga dhex wareegto.
• Routers iyo Switches: Waa qalabka kala hagaya xogta. Routers-ku waxay go’aamiyaan jidka ugu habboon ee xogtu ku gaari karto meel fog, halka Switches-ku ay maamulaan isku xirka gudaha shabakadaha yar-yar (sida LAN).
• Transmission Media: Tani waa waddooyinka xogtu ku socoto. Waxaa ka mid ah: fibre optic (xarig muraayad ah oo xogta ku gudbiya iftiin), copper cables (xadhkaha naxaasta), wireless (Wi-Fi iyo mobile networks), iyo satellite (xog loo diro dayax-gacmeed).
• Data Centers iyo Servers: Kuwani waa xarumo waaweyn oo server-yo badan ku jira. Servers-yadu waxay kaydiyaan xogta (websites, email, DNS iwm) waxaana la heli karaa marka la codsado. Data Centers-ku wuxuu bixiyaa awood, qaboojin iyo amni si server-yadu u shaqeeyaan si joogto ah.

Marka qof isticmaale ahi internet-ka galo (adiga ama aniga ahaadee), xogtaas waxay sii martaa ISP, kadibna ISP ayaa ku xira shabakadda caalamiga ah (global internet).

🔢 Heerarka ISP-yada

ISP-yadu waxay ku kala duwan yihiin awoodda shabakaddooda iyo heerka ay ka taagan yihiin caalamka:

• Tier 1 ISP:

  

  Waa shirkadaha ugu awoodda badan ee caalamiga ah. Waxay leeyihiin backbone networks iyaga u gaar ah oo si toos ah ugu xiran qaarado iyo dalal kaleba. Uma baahdaan inay cid kale bandwidth ka kireystaan, maxaa yeelay iyaga ayaa bixiya. Tusaale: AT&T, Verizon, NTT, Level 3 (Lumen Technologies). Doorka Tier 1: Laf-dhabarta internet-ka caalamka, shirkadaha kale ayaa ku tiirsan.
• Tier 2 ISP:

  

  Waa shirkado waaweyn oo heer qaran ama gobol ah. Waxay badanaa ka kireystaan qayb ka mid ah shabakadda Tier 1 si ay adeeg u bixiyaan. Waxay sidoo kale sameeyaan peering agreements (is-weydaarsi xog la’aan ah si kharashka bandwidth-ka loo yareeyo).
  
  

  Bandwidth

  

  Waa baaxadda xogta (data capacity) ee lagu gudbin karo isku xirka internet-ka waqti cayiman gudaheed.

  Si kale haddii aan u dhigo: Bandwidth waa cabbirka muujinaya inta xog ah (bits/second) ee internet-kaaga ama shabakaddaada lagu gudbin karo mar kasta.

  Doorka Tier 2: isku xirayaasha Tier 1 iyo shirkadaha yaryar (Tier 3).
• Tier 3 ISP:

  

  Waa shirkadaha yaryar ee deegaanka (local ISPs). Waxay si toos ah adeeg u siiyaan macaamiisha (homes iyo businesses). Intooda badan waxay ka kireystaan bandwidth Tier 2 ama Tier 1. Doorka Tier 3: ugu dhow isticmaalaha (end users).

— LA SOCO QEYBTA LABAAD,INSHA’ALLAH.